Open vs Closed Questions
Questions can be posed in different formats. “Open-Ended” questions posed to the involved parties are often more useful for conflict resolution work. These types of questions produce the best answers because the parties are invited and in some sense obligated to respond with more in depth explanations. Closed ended questions narrowly frame the query and result in “yes” or “no” responses, which yields specific responses and little new information. In comparison, open ended questions, “...elicit more information and help establish your impartiality as a listener” (Girard and Koch, 1996 - p.58).
Examples of some open ended questions are:
- How did you feel about Maggie’s actions?
- What was your response to John’s statements?
- Will you explain your actions toward Peggie?
The opposite type of questions, closed ended, typically net yes or no responses or one word answers and sometimes come off sounding accusatory or like an interrogation is occuring. Some examples of closed ended questions, which are not as desireable in conflict resolution process are:
- How old are you?
- Did Mary answer your question?
- Did you take her backpack?
- Can you identify the problem?
In the conflict resolution process it is important to glean as much information as possible that promotes deeper understanding of the conflict and context. Open ended questions invite the speaker to elaborate on their experience, focusing on topics of concern to them, and often provide the greatest amount of information to aid in the resolution of the problem.
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